Glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness in the United States, is an eye disease that results in optic nerve damage and loss of vision. However, few large-eyed models of spontaneous glaucoma ex...
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Tumor xenograft mouse models have been created by injecting human cancer cell lines into immune deficient mice. However, when the effects of various interventions on these models are assessed, the res...
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As resources shift from genome sequencing to understanding and characterizing expressed genes and protein function, reliable and rapid tools for the analysis of protein composition are increasingly vi...
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DNA synthesis is evolving from chip-based synthesis to a method where oligomers are synthesized and subsequently harvested so this genetic material can be used in a construction kit-type system. This ...
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DNA microarrays, or “chips,” are fabricated by high speed robotics on glass or sometimes nylon substrates. During the process of manufacturing DNA microarrays and synthetic DNA strands, an image i...
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Removal of virus is essential for the manufacture of safe biotechnology-derived products such as therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Currently, virus is removed using ion exchange chromatographic resin...
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Removal of virus is essential for the manufacture of safe biotechnology-derived products such as therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Currently, virus is removed using ion exchange chromatographic resin...
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Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are critical for the formation of cartilage and its conversion into bone.
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Enzymes of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. As much as 10 percent of the cytosolic protein in some mammalian organs can consist of GSTs.
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Many of those currently on waiting lists for liver transplants are victims of liver failure associated with hepatocyte toxicity. This toxicity can be caused by alcohol abuse, or by prescription or non...
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Restriction enzymes are used widely to cleave double-stranded DNA. However, a given restriction enzyme can only cleave a DNA molecule at the specific nucleotide sequence that corresponds to the recogn...
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Quantitative analysis in chemistry is the determination of the absolute or relative abundance of substances present in a sample. For biological samples, quantitative analysis performed via mass spectr...
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Mengovirus is a picornavirus that causes encephalomyocarditis in humans and other animals.
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Bacterial production of recombinant proteins is used commonly by researchers and commercial entities to manufacture a large variety of proteins.
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Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a family of predominantly hepatic enzymes known to be important in the metabolism of many drugs, carcinogens and other chemicals of pharmacologic and toxicologic significance....
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Calcium-activated potassium channels are a type of ion channel that is important in many physiological processes.
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Effective isolation of nucleic acids from biological samples is an essential prerequisite for efficient downstream amplification, detection and quantification of specific genetic sequences via quantit...
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Molecule-molecule interactions, including interactions between proteins, nucleic acids and other small molecules, are important in a variety of cellular events. A number of physical, molecular biologi...
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Bacterial production of recombinant proteins is used commonly by researchers and commercial entities to manufacture a large variety of proteins. However, many proteins are not produced efficiently in ...
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Liquid crystal materials are promising candidates for many sensing and interfacial applications. Liquid crystals respond to and amplify small changes in temperature, electric or magnetic fields, shear...
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Mass spectrometry (MS) has become the principal tool for routine identification of proteins and their post-translational modifications (PTMs). Quantification of the amounts of proteins and PTMs is req...
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Now that complete sequence information is available for many organisms, researchers are focusing on the analysis of single genomic DNA molecules. A key issue in this analysis is how to unravel and mar...
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Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. SCDs may influence the development of diseases such as obesity, atherosclerosis and diabet...
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When using live vertebrate animals, principal investigators for any activity supported by a Public Health Service (PHS) agency, such as the FDA, NIH or CDC, must comply with the PHS policy on Humane C...
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Mass spectrometers are analytic instruments that precisely measure the mass of molecules, and therefore may be used to determine composition and molecule identity based on mass data. Generally, the mo...
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