The ability to quantify fat concentration in the body has become increasingly important given the rise in obesity and related comorbidities. Likewise, the ability to quantify iron concentration is imp...
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Fluorescent proteins can be found today in most molecular biology laboratories. Since the discovery of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) in the early 1960s, fluorescent molecules have revolutionized man...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is sensitive to patient movements due to the long scan times sometimes required. A major source of motion is breathing, which causes artifacts to appear in MR images. ...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) have become invaluable tools for learning about a patient’s health. However, systems are limited by acquisition speed, which often leads...
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A primary goal of angiography since inception has been to provide diagnostic images of the vasculature while reducing invasiveness. A method called 4-D DSA (digital subtraction angiography) was develo...
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Surgical replacement of joints with mechanical prostheses is on the rise. Unfortunately, complications such as infection and loosening are common and often diagnosed in the late stages, compelling rep...
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Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging is a type of ultrasound elastography with proven diagnostic value. It works by generating a shear wave and detecting differences in attenuation (scatter...
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X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an imaging technique that generates cross-sectional images of a patient by combining multiple X-ray images taken at a range of angles. A patient may be physically mov...
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Elastography is a type of imaging technique that reveals the stiffness of tissues. It commonly is used to detect tumors and other abnormalities that cause changes in local tissue stiffness. Measuremen...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high-resolution visualization of soft tissues, allowing diseases to be diagnosed and tracked. In particular, MR images can be used to assess joint degeneratio...
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In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the main magnetic field is symbolized B0. Accurately estimating a B0 field map is critical to distinguishing different chemical species like water and fat. If the ...
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More than a million joint replacements were performed in the Unites States in 2012 and more than four million implant surgeries are expected in 2030. Such implants pose a challenge to magnetic resonan...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic imaging technique that is especially effective for soft tissues such as the brain and other organs.  To produce an MR image the patient is subjected t...
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Computed tomography (CT) is a medical imaging technique that takes many 2-D X-ray images to generate 3-D images. The most common method for reconstructing the final 3-D image is called the filtered b...
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Computed tomography (CT) systems are medical imaging devices that use X-rays to image a patient internally. An X-ray source sends parallel beams through the patient. The X-ray absorption/scattering,...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that measures a subject’s nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to form images of internal structures. Computed tomography (CT) is another...
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Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women today with all women having approximately an 11 to12 percent chance of developing this cancer and a 30 to 40 percent chance of death after developme...
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Conventional CT scans utilize a fan-shaped X-ray beam source and a detector array to acquire data for 2-D medical imaging. The source and detector array are situated on opposite sides of the patient ...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that takes measurements, or “views,” of a subject’s nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to form images of internal structures. Compu...
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Computed tomography (CT) systems are used for medical imaging and produce images by measuring the loss in an X-ray beam’s strength. These measurements are used to reconstruct an image in 2-D or 3-D...
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Computed tomography (CT) is used as a diagnostic imaging modality to generate three-dimensional images of the inside of an object. When a metallic object, such as a surgical clip, is present in a subj...
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Computed tomography (CT) systems are used for medical imaging and produce images by measuring the loss in an X-ray beam’s strength. These measurements are used to reconstruct an image in 2-D or 3-D...
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In recent years, statistical imaging reconstruction has been introduced in clinics by different computed tomography (CT) manufacturers as a means to reduce radiation dose levels. Essentially, the meth...
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Dual-energy computed tomography (CT) was first proposed in the 1970s but has wavered in practical usage ever since. In essence, the process employs two different X-ray spectra (i.e., a high energy lev...
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Phase contrast imaging exploits differences in the refractive index of materials to differentiate and image them. Recently, X-ray phase contrast imaging has attracted a great deal of attention. In the...
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