HIV infection, AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC) remain serious and ongoing diseases compromising the human immune system. Protease inhibitors, which interfere with the replication cycle of HIV, are...
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects over 1.2 million Americans each year, with approximately 50,000 new infections per year. Current treatment includes HIV combination regimens comprising rever...
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Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming anaerobe that causes life-threatening intestinal infections. These infections result in more than 14,000 deaths and billions of dollars in h...
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is responsible for eight million human infections and two million deaths worldwide each year. M. tuberculosis infections can be treated...
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The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria represents a potential health crisis. Some antibiotics (e.g., quinolones and fluoroquinolones) are losing their effectiveness while others simply don’t ...
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Fungal infections range in severity from common athlete’s foot to life-threatening illness. Treatment can be very expensive. The cost of treating systemic Candida yeast infections exceeds $31,000 pe...
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‘Staph’ infections, particularly by Staphylococcus aureus strains, can cause skin ailments and more serious conditions like heart valve inflammation and toxic shock syndrome. These strains...
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Influenza virus causes millions of infections each year worldwide. Human parainfluenza virus (PIV) types 1,2,3 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) types A and B are the major viral pathogens respons...
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Oligomycin is a highly stable macrolide antibiotic isolated from the fungus Streptomyces diastochromogenes. It is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial ATPase and phosphoryl group transfer.
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Ebola, a negative strand RNA virus in the family Filoviridae, is among the most lethal human pathogens, causing death in 50 to 90 percent of cases. This virus is highly contagious in aerosol form and ...
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Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens. These small DNA viruses are associated with almost all cervical cancers and 20 to 30 percent of head and neck cancers....
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Bacteria that use quorum sensing are thought to be involved in two thirds of human bacterial infections. These bacteria produce acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL), which they use to gauge population densi...
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Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium responsible for many infectious diseases, including toxic shock syndrome, food poisoning and topical skin infections. Although S. aureus is usually a...
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Quorum sensing is a process used by some bacteria to coordinate behavior based on local population density. To communicate, bacteria release signaling molecules into the environment. When a certain nu...
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Quorum sensing is a process used by some bacteria to coordinate behavior based on local population density. To communicate, bacteria release signaling molecules, including low molecular weight ligands...
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Ebola virus, a negative strand RNA virus in the family Filoviridae, is among the most lethal human pathogens. Efforts to develop treatments for Ebola infections have been hampered by a lack of effecti...
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Infection with Bacillus anthracis, the spore-forming causative agent of anthrax, can result in either a generally benign, self-limiting cutaneous disease or a more serious and often fatal systemic dis...
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Fungal infections, such as infections by the yeast Candida albicans, are a persistent health problem in some patient populations. Topical yeast infections affect the mouth, vagina, skin, stomach and u...
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As the incidence of antibiotic resistance among bacteria continues to rise, the discovery of new antibacterial compounds has become increasingly critical to fighting infectious disease. According to t...
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Influenza viruses cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the United States, influenza is responsible for approximately 200,000 hospitalizations and 36,000 deaths each year. Two classes of antiv...
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