A core function of firetrucks and tenders are to haul initial water to an emergency and often serve as a sole source when water is not nearby from a hydrant or other source. As part of their key roles...
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High-power electrical equipment such as electrical motors are increasingly powered using alternating current (AC) synthesized using semiconductor devices. Desirably, the semiconductors are operated in...
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Although horizontal axis wind turbines currently dominate the wind power industry, their vertical axis counterparts offer several advantages. For example, vertical axis systems are powered by wind com...
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A converter is an electrical device for converting electrical energy from one form to another, such as between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC), between different voltages or frequenci...
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In a drive system, a voltage source inverter (VSI) may be used to transfer real power from a DC power source to an AC load. Conventional VSIs consist of two or three phase-legs, each of which is a ser...
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Inductors and capacitors are fundamental building blocks in many electrical devices and provide energy storage. Inductors store energy in the form of a magnetic field in the vicinity of a coiled condu...
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Distributed energy resources (DER) are small power generators that are typically located near the customer’s load, where energy is used. Small DER produce low emissions, can be manufactured at l...
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As a byproduct of normal operation, electrical circuits can induce unwanted signals, or noise, in other circuits, thereby degrading performance. This problem, known as electromagnetic interference (EM...
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Inductors and capacitors are fundamental building blocks in many electrical devices and provide energy storage. In many applications (both low- and high-powered electronics) the physical size of these...
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An adjustable speed drive (ASD) is a power electronics device that controls the speed of machinery. These devices also save energy for industrial processes that require adjustable speed or controlling...
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DC-DC converters are used in a variety of devices to raise or lower voltage. They are used in the power systems of hybrid and electric vehicles to boost the battery’s output voltage. In these system...
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Permanent magnet synchronous machines are one type of electrical rotating machine (i.e., motor or generator), which are common in hybrid vehicles and wind turbines. Although these machines have a high...
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Many commonly used machines require moving and stationary parts to generate electricity. Conventional rotating electrical machines utilize magnetic fields and/or a change in inductance between moving ...
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A variety of circuit topologies using solid state switches have been developed to convert AC power at one frequency to AC power at another. One type of topology, known as the matrix converter, directl...
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Many power conversion applications require the conversion of AC power at one frequency to AC power at another. Most commercial AC to AC converters, such as those that achieve variable speed control in...
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The two-switch phase leg – a basic building block topology for electrical power inverters – consists of a high- and a low-side semiconductor switch spanning a DC voltage source. Dead time ...
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Rectifiers are devices that convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). The simplest and least expensive type of rectifier uses a full- or half-bridge of diodes to convert single- or th...
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Distributed energy resources (DER) are small power generators that are typically located at customer sites where the energy they generate is used. Small DER produce low emissions, can be manufactured ...
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Digital-to-analog converters (DACs) convert digital data, encoded as bits, into analog signals, such as current or voltage. For example, in devices like MP3 players and CDs, DACs convert audio signals...
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Widely used in applications such as HVAC, fans, pumps and home appliances, single-phase induction motors are manufactured in large volume and at low cost. These motors operate at a constant speed dete...
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