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Despite technological advancements, morbidity and mortality rates remain high in patients under sedation, often due to delayed detection of early respiratory compromise and/or failure.
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To identify skeletal diseases a patient may be imaged using PET, CT or other methods that detect abnormal image intensity and hence the presence of disease. To identify metastasized cancer lesions, a ...
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Routinely, data acquired with medical imaging systems are not consistent with a single true image of the subject. Data inconsistencies arise from various causes (beam-hardening effects, subject motion...
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Nuclear imaging systems (e.g., SPECT, PET) commonly use imaging phantoms for quality assurance. One such phantom, called a Derenzo style phantom, is used in clinical and research applications to test...
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Fluorescent proteins can be found today in most molecular biology laboratories. Since the discovery of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) in the early 1960s, fluorescent molecules have revolutionized man...
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An otoscope is a classic handheld medical device that allows doctors to look into the ear canal and tympanic membrane (eardrum). It is used to diagnose ear infections, membrane ruptures and foreign ob...
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Computed tomography (CT) systems are used for medical imaging and produce images by measuring the loss in an X-ray beam’s strength. These measurements are used to reconstruct an image in 2-D or...
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Computed tomography (CT) systems are used for medical imaging and produce images by measuring the loss in an X-ray beam’s strength. These measurements are used to reconstruct an image in 2-D or...
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that measures a subject’s nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to form images of internal structures. Computed tomography (CT) is ano...
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In recent years, statistical imaging reconstruction has been introduced in clinics by different computed tomography (CT) manufacturers as a means to reduce radiation dose levels. Essentially, the meth...
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Medical isotopes like molybdenum-99 are used for imaging patients and treating disease. Today, most radioisotopes are produced in nuclear reactors outside of the United States that employ highly enric...
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Intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescent markers can help surgeons target and rapidly identify tumorous tissue. The signals given off by these markers are relatively faint and normally viewed with a fluore...
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Although current microscopic optical systems are highly sensitive, they are generally bulky and expensive, and most have a severely limited field of vision. One alternative is adaptive microlenses tha...
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Assessing treatment response in cancer patients is essential to manage their disease and evaluate therapy. Computed tomography (CT) is widely used to monitor cancer treatment by measuring changes in t...
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The outcome of a stroke can hinge on the time spent on diagnosis and intervention. Perfusion imaging is a critical step in the process, wherein a patient is scanned to identify salvageable tissue. The...
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Medical isotopes are valuable healthcare tools for patient imaging and disease treatment. Yet most radioisotopes used in medicine are produced in nuclear reactors, which are complex, generate high vol...
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Cancers cause about 15 percent of all human deaths worldwide, are not fully understood and defy efficient therapy. Early detection and treatment can improve survival rates and one promising strategy i...
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Compact solid-state LED/LD (light-emitting diode) light sources are by their nature near-point sources. Applications that take advantage of these highly efficient, spectrally engineered light sources ...
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Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is utilized in medical imaging as a quantitative measure of image quality. As SNR decreases, it becomes increasingly more difficult to differentiate between important anato...
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In a computed tomography (CT) system, an X-ray source projects a fan-shaped beam, which passes through the object being imaged and hits an array of radiation detectors. The source and detector array a...
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Of the various imaging techniques used to screen women for early-stage breast cancer, X-ray mammography has proven the most effective. Despite its success, however, this technique suffers from relativ...
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