Controlled micrometer-scale oil droplets have applications in nano-materials, meso-materials, responsive materials, optical materials, filters, sensors and opto-electronic technologies.  Emulsion dro...
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Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are an important area of cancer research.  They could provide clinically relevant information about a patient’s prognosis.  However, these cells are extremely rare (r...
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Few treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, have been discovered.  In many cases, the molecular basis for neurodegeneration remains unknown...
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The low mobility of bacterial transposons, such as Tn5, makes it difficult for researchers to detail the molecular transposition process and to exploit transposition for uses such as the development o...
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Over the last eight years, academic researchers have been developing a new set of spectroscopic techniques that are multidimensional versions of visible and infrared spectroscopies, such as two-dimens...
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Functionalized substrates have commercial applications ranging from biosensors to energy conversion devices such as solar cells.  Biosensors rapidly detect the presence of target biomolecules based o...
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Dielectrophoresis is a technique for gathering particles that uses an electric field to induce an electrical polarization in an uncharged object. The electrical polarization then interacts with variat...
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Several fluorescent reporter molecules, such as the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), are available as research tools to monitor gene activity and protein distribution within cells.  However, currentl...
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One of the key potassium channels in the heart is formed by the co-assembly of protein products from the KvLQT1 (KCNQ1) and minK (KCNE1) genes, which produce the slowly activating delayed rectifier po...
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Cationic lipid-mediated delivery of nucleic acids and proteins may replace virus-mediated transfection of exogenous DNA for many applications. However, current lipid-based carriers provide limited con...
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Human embryonic stem (hES) cells have the potential to provide a source of specific cell types for research and ultimately, for therapeutic transplantation into humans.
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Plasmid R6K is an antibiotic resistance plasmid of E. coli and a popular cloning vector. The R6K protein pi, which is encoded by the pir gene, plays a key role in R6K replication.
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The extensive use of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors to treat influenza virus infections by reducing viral sialidase activity requires close monitoring for resistant variants. However, cultured cells do...
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Human embryonic stem (hES) cells are capable of self-renewal, as long as they remain undifferentiated. Culture conditions, including the medium and substrate the cells are grown in, play an important ...
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Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens. These small DNA viruses are associated with almost all cervical cancers and about 20 percent of head and neck cancers.
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The normal growth and development of tissue requires a complex interplay of multiple signals from multiple genes in well-defined locations, leading to the controlled differentiation of precursor cells...
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Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) is a recently discovered biomarker and treatment target for breast cancer (See WARF reference number P03031US). However, few, if any reliable monoclonal anti...
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The transmembrane protein dystroglycan is associated with autosomal recessive muscular dystrophies. Although dystroglycan is glycosylated in a tissue-specific manner, no commercial monoclonal antibodi...
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RNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for making RNA from a DNA or RNA template, is one of the most important proteins in all life forms.
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Mass spectroscopy is a widely used technique for detecting and analyzing molecules, including biochemical entities such as amino acids, proteins, short nucleic acids, metabolites and other small molec...
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Sulfonylurea receptors (SURs) regulate the opening and closing of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP).  They play important roles in insulin secretion in the pancreas and myocardial protection in...
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The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the Herpes family of viruses.  The genome of this virus usually is maintained as a nuclear plasmid in the cells it infects.  A replication origin (oriP) i...
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Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are potentially capable of supplying cells and tissues for replacement of defective human tissue. However, procedures currently used to culture human ES cells involve t...
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The antibiotic vancomycin targets the peptidoglycan-containing bacterial cell wall. Inducible resistance to vancomycin and other glycopeptide antibiotics is becoming a serious health problem, necessit...
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Membrane proteins perform many crucial functions in vivo.  Physical characterization of these proteins, including the determination of three-dimensional crystal structures, could improve fundamental ...
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