Transcription factor expression can profoundly alter the transcriptional dynamics of a cell, even inducing the transition to a new cell fate. Four transcription factors – Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc...
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With the explosion of interest in using the CRISPR/Cas9 system for gene editing, there is a strong focus on developing tools for delivering the CRISPR machinery safely and efficiently into cells. Exis...
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Biochemical research and biotechnology rely on nucleic acids; however, nucleic acids frequently encounter nucleases that can negatively affect experiments. Although nuclease inhibitors are often used ...
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It is estimated that half of new HIV infections in the U.S. are from patients who know they are HIV-positive but underestimate their transmissibility. Identifying and monitoring the latent HIV reservo...
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In nature, most microbes live in synergistic communities (microbiomes) as a way to thrive in various environments. For example, more than 100 trillion bacteria are estimated to live in the human gut a...
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New tools for human gene editing are rapidly advancing all sectors of biomedicine from basic biology to somatic gene therapy in the clinic. Precise editing of DNA sequences in the human genome can be ...
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Biosensors to detect small molecule ligands (e.g., metabolites) have applications in synthetic biology, medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, bioremediation and bioenergy. Protein-based biosens...
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Extraction and isolation of nucleic acids from biological samples is an essential prerequisite for further amplification, detection and quantification of specific genetic sequences. The first step in ...
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Plant biomass represents a vast and renewable source of energy. However, harnessing this energy requires breaking down tough lignin and cellulose cell walls. In nature, certain microbes can deconstruc...
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Mass spectrometry is a highly selective and quantitative technique that is widely used to determine the chemical composition of a sample. Applications of this analytical tool include measuring isotope...
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Mass spectrometry is a broadly applicable analysis tool for detecting and characterizing molecules and other chemical species, including complex mixtures of biomolecules such as peptides, proteins or ...
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Interspecies yeast hybrids are critical for producing commercially important fermentation products such as Belgian ale, certain ciders and cold-fermented wines. As one major example, lager beer, the m...
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Chemoselective transformations are of key importance in modern chemical biology. Protein esterification can, for example, be employed for labeling, enhanced cellular uptake and other useful protein mo...
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Titin is a sarcomeric protein expressed primarily in striated muscles. It is responsible for maintaining the structure and biomechanical properties of muscle cells. In the heart, cardiac titin under...
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FDA-qualified cell lines must be used for virus production for human vaccines. There are relatively few of these lines available and several (WI-38, MRC-5) used for virus production are becoming senes...
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Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) or brittle bone disease is an incurable genetic disorder that causes fragile bones and a lifetime of breaks and fractures. Recently, mutations in the gene for bone morphog...
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To produce pulp from wood, harsh chemicals are applied during cooking and bleaching mainly because lignin is tough to break down. To make it easier to degrade, Wisconsin researchers discovered how che...
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Two estrogen receptor isoforms regulate normal mammary cells in response to estrogen: ERα and ERβ. ERα is currently a therapeutic target in breast cancer, and breast cancers expressing ERα are com...
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Assays currently used to detect neutralizing antibodies to influenza virus or measure virion binding to cells, antibodies or receptors require multiple steps. These steps are destructive, low sensitiv...
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The therapeutic and biochemical properties of proteins including antibodies can be enhanced by custom chemical functionalization that enables modifications, such as small molecule drug conjugation, PE...
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The utility of many biologic drugs is limited by inefficient cellular delivery. There is a particular need for methods and reagents that facilitate delivery of peptides and proteins into the interior ...
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Approximately 20 percent of human proteins – including many of high pharmaceutical relevance – are believed to contain disulfide bonds critical for proper structure and function. However, producin...
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Influenza infections in humans, from the common seasonal flu to the deadly pandemics of the 20th century, are caused chiefly by influenza A and influenza B viruses. Understanding the in vivo dynamics ...
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Gram-negative bacterial infections are an ongoing challenge to health care providers worldwide. Detection, treatment and control of such pathogens have gained increasing importance in the context of a...
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Macrophages are white blood cells that ingest foreign material and play a crucial role in the immune system. Presently, there is no bovine macrophage cell line available for research and testing purpo...
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