Despite technological advancements, morbidity and mortality rates remain high in patients under sedation, often due to delayed detection of early respiratory compromise and/or failure.
Learn More

Measuring muscle and ligament stress is crucial in rehabilitative medicine and medical research. Using this data, clinicians and researchers can develop treatment plans and new technologies to improve...
Learn More

Despite technological advancements, morbidity and mortality rates remain high in patients under sedation, often due to delayed detection of early respiratory compromise and/or failure. UW–Madison re...
Learn More

Improved MRI methods are needed to diagnose nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common cause of liver disease in the Western world. Promising studies have demonstrated the utility of Tl...
Learn More

To identify skeletal diseases a patient may be imaged using PET, CT or other methods that detect abnormal image intensity and hence the presence of disease. To identify metastasized cancer lesions, a ...
Learn More

Routinely, data acquired with medical imaging systems are not consistent with a single true image of the subject. Data inconsistencies arise from various causes (beam-hardening effects, subject motion...
Learn More

In modern computed tomography (CT) imaging, a number of non-ideal physical conditions may cause artifacts in the reconstructed images. Mitigation or elimination of image artifacts has been a time- and...
Learn More

Advance warning of some of the main causes of maternal and/or neonatal problems can prevent death and long term health complications. These causes include bleeding (e.g., from placenta previa over the...
Learn More

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic imaging technique that is especially effective for soft tissues such as the brain and other organs. To produce an MR image, the patient is subjected to...
Learn More

Computed tomography (CT) provides rapid, noninvasive imaging at high resolution. Conventional CT systems include a gantry, one or two X-ray tubes and a detector assembly that rotate together around a ...
Learn More

In MRI, gradient distortions can cause image artifacts such as blurriness, ringing and phase error. Certain MRI techniques are more prone to the problem. In particular, gradient distortion is perhaps ...
Learn More

Accurate fat-water separation is critical in diagnosing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Typically the separation is performed using specialized methods such as iterative decomposition with echo asy...
Learn More

Among numerous magnetic resonance imaging contrast mechanisms, the insights that diffusion-weighted MRI provides into microstructural tissue changes make it an excellent biomarker for detection and ev...
Learn More

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a less invasive treatment option for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis. The procedure involves precise positioning of a balloon-mounted prosth...
Learn More

Currently, there are no long-lived CT or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging agents that successfully target tumor cells in vivo. While a variety of radiopharmaceuticals are available, these are limited b...
Learn More

In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tissue is scanned using magnetic fields that excite atoms and cause them to emit signals. These nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals can be processed into an i...
Learn More

Many invasive procedures, such as neurosurgeries or breast biopsies, involve inserting a rigid device into the body. To minimize human error, technologies like MRI allow the surgeon to guide the preci...
Learn More

The ability to quantify fat concentration in the body has become increasingly important given the rise in obesity and related comorbidities. Likewise, the ability to quantify iron concentration is imp...
Learn More

Fluorescent proteins can be found today in most molecular biology laboratories. Since the discovery of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) in the early 1960s, fluorescent molecules have revolutionized man...
Learn More

An otoscope is a classic handheld medical device that allows doctors to look into the ear canal and tympanic membrane (eardrum). It is used to diagnose ear infections, membrane ruptures and foreign ob...
Learn More

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is sensitive to patient movements due to the long scan times sometimes required. A major source of motion is breathing, which causes artifacts to appear in MR images. ...
Learn More

The ability to measure movement of rotating components with high accuracy is crucial in many applications, including astronomical telescope mounts, field surveillance tools, industrial inspection and ...
Learn More

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) have become invaluable tools for learning about a patient’s health. However, systems are limited by acquisition speed, which often leads...
Learn More

Surgical replacement of joints with mechanical prostheses is on the rise. Unfortunately, complications such as infection and loosening are common and often diagnosed in the late stages, compelling rep...
Learn More

Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) imaging is a type of ultrasound elastography with proven diagnostic value. It works by generating a shear wave and detecting differences in attenuation (scatter...
Learn More