UW-Madison researchers have developed a new method of performing dosimetry for radiation-based cancer therapeutics. Rather than performing dosimetry before treatment to determine the most effective amount of radioactivity to give patients, the researchers plan to monitor neoantigens on tumor cells (proteins expressed on cell surfaces upon damage from radiation) and normal tissue to calculate the damage caused by the radiation. In this method, patients would be given a low, safe dose of radiation as a baseline, the antibody-based imaging reagent given to the patient, and imaging done to calculate the damage done to tumor cells and normal cells by the radiation. The radiation dose can be adjusted based on that calculation until the desired protein expression is observed on tumor cells but not on normal cells.